{"id":664,"date":"2008-03-04T13:03:55","date_gmt":"2008-03-04T11:03:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/archives\/2008\/03\/04\/metagames-as-viral-loops\/"},"modified":"2008-03-04T17:24:04","modified_gmt":"2008-03-04T15:24:04","slug":"metagames-as-viral-loops","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/archives\/2008\/03\/04\/metagames-as-viral-loops\/","title":{"rendered":"Metagames as viral loops"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/flickr.com\/photos\/mordrack\/58679983\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"float-right\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/farm1.static.flickr.com\/33\/58679983_61910a1bdc_m.jpg?w=660\" alt=\"MtG: My Pride-n-Joys by AuE on Flickr\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gamasutra.com\/features\/gdcarchive\/2000\/garfield.doc\">&#8216;Metagames&#8217;<\/a><ins datetime=\"2008-03-04T15:23:43+00:00\">&#8212;<\/ins>Richard Garfield&#8217;s presentation for the 2000 Game Developers Conference<ins datetime=\"2008-03-04T15:23:43+00:00\">&#8212;<\/ins>is in <a href=\"https:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/archives\/2008\/03\/04\/links-for-2008-03-04\/\">today&#8217;s links<\/a>, but I think it deserves a bit more attention than that. Here are some quotes from the document that stood out for me.<sup><a href=\"#footnote_1_664\" id=\"identifier_1_664\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Richard Garfield is the designer of the CCG Magic: The Gathering.\">1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>What a metagame is:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;My definition of metagame is broad. It is how a game interfaces with life.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>In other words, metagame design is contextual. It forces you to think about when, where, how and by who your game will be played.<\/p>\n<p>Why metagame design has not been getting as much attention as game design itself:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;\u2026the majority of a game&#8217;s metagame is probably unalterable by game designer or publisher.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>So, metagame design is a <em>second order design problem<\/em>. Designers can only indirectly influence how metagames play out. They facilitate it, but do not direct it.<\/p>\n<p>Garfield divides metagames in four broad categories:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What you bring to a game<\/li>\n<li>What you take away from a game<\/li>\n<li>What happens between games<\/li>\n<li>What happens during a game<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Where &#8220;game&#8221; should be understood as a single play session of a game.<\/p>\n<p>Garfield has interesting things to say about all these categories, and I recommend reading the article in full, but I&#8217;d like to zoom in on one bit mentioned under &#8220;from&#8221;:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;It is worth noting that many things listed have a &#8216;circular&#8217; value to the player.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Getting something <strong>from<\/strong> a game that you can bring with you again <strong>to<\/strong> a game makes you care more and more about the game itself. One clear example of how metagames are a helpful concept for making a game more self-sustaining. <\/p>\n<p>Better yet, the &#8216;stuff&#8217; that players get from a game play session can be shared or passed on to others. In this manner, the metagame becomes a <a href=\"http:\/\/andrewchen.typepad.com\/andrew_chens_blog\/2007\/07\/whats-your-vira.html\">viral loop<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"#footnote_2_664\" id=\"identifier_2_664\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-identifier-link\" title=\"Via Matt Webb.\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p><ol class=\"footnotes\"><li id=\"footnote_1_664\" class=\"footnote\">Richard Garfield is the designer of the <abbr title=\"Collectible Card Game\">CCG<\/abbr> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wizards.com\/magic\/\">Magic: The Gathering<\/a>.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_1_664\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><li id=\"footnote_2_664\" class=\"footnote\">Via <a href=\"http:\/\/interconnected.org\/home\/2008\/01\/29\/simcity_on_the_olpc\">Matt Webb<\/a>.<span class=\"footnote-back-link-wrapper\"> [<a href=\"#identifier_2_664\" class=\"footnote-link footnote-back-link\">&#8617;<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8216;Metagames&#8217;&#8212;Richard Garfield&#8217;s presentation for the 2000 Game Developers Conference&#8212;is in today&#8217;s links, but I think it deserves a bit more attention than that. Here are some quotes from the document that stood out for me.1 What a metagame is: &#8220;My definition of metagame is broad. It is how a game interfaces with life.&#8221; In other &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/archives\/2008\/03\/04\/metagames-as-viral-loops\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Metagames as viral loops<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[625],"tags":[367,547,546,401,267,259,46,535,168,548,545],"class_list":["post-664","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles","tag-gd","tag-magic-the-gathering","tag-richard-garfield","tag-emergence","tag-game-design","tag-games","tag-gaming","tag-metagames","tag-play","tag-second-order-design","tag-viral-loops"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/664","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=664"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/664\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1774,"href":"https:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/664\/revisions\/1774"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=664"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=664"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leapfrog.nl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=664"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}